Mohammadhiwa Abdekhoda; Maryam Ahmadi; Alireza Noruzi; Mohmoudreza Gohari
Volume 13, Issue 1 , May 2016, , Pages 3-10
Abstract
Introduction: Physicians’ resistance to accepting and adopting Electronic Health Care Record (EHCR) is still a serious challenge to the nationwide adoption of EHCR. As a result, identification of the factors that contribute to this challenge is valuable. Thus, this study was performed ...
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Introduction: Physicians’ resistance to accepting and adopting Electronic Health Care Record (EHCR) is still a serious challenge to the nationwide adoption of EHCR. As a result, identification of the factors that contribute to this challenge is valuable. Thus, this study was performed to survey the effect of physicians' characteristics on adoption of EHCR. Methods: A Descriptive-analytical survey was applied in this study. The study population consisted of physicians who worked in 26 hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. From among them, 270 physicians were selected to participate in this research. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire the validity and reliability of which were confirmed. The data were collected, and then, analyzed using path analysis in structural equation modeling (SEM) in SPSS and AMOS software. Results: The results showed that there is no significant correlation between physicians’ characteristics, such as age, work experience, computer familiarity, and EHCR familiarity, and perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU). In addition, no significant correlation was observed between physicians’ characteristics and the technology acceptance model (TAM) variables. Conclusion: Physicians’ characteristics did not have any significant effect on accepting and adopting EHCR. Therefore, it is suggested that policymakers and managers focus on other factors that affect EHCR acceptance and implementation.
Fatemeh Rangraz Jeddi; Maryam Ahmadi; Farahnaz Sadoughi; Mahmoudreza Gohari
Volume 9, Issue 2 , May and June 2012
Abstract
Personal health record (PHR) enables patients to access their health information and improves care quality by supporting self-care. The purpose of this study was to provide a comparative analysis of the concepts and applications of PHRs in selected countries.Methods: This study was carried out in 2009 ...
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Personal health record (PHR) enables patients to access their health information and improves care quality by supporting self-care. The purpose of this study was to provide a comparative analysis of the concepts and applications of PHRs in selected countries.Methods: This study was carried out in 2009 using a descriptive, comparative method. It compared Australia, the United States, England, and Iran. Data was gathered from articles, books, journals, and reputed websites in English and Persian published between 1995 and September 2009. After collecting the data, both advantages and disadvantages of PHRs in each country were analyzed.Results: In Australia, the United States, and England the patient/person was recognized as the owner of the PHR, information was disclosed only to those authorized by the patient, and the PHR was created upon request and involved consent of the individual. The aims of these records in the three countries were to provide access to health information for the patient, to offer a secure and confident place for sending message and communication, and to enable the person to use databases.Conclusion: In most countries, PHR has been developed to provide access to health information. It is thus necessary for Iran to benefit from experiences in other countries.Keywords: Health Records, Personal; Electronic Health Records; Medical Records
Maryam Ahmadi; Arezoo Dehghani Mahmoodabadi; Shahla Fozoonkhah
Volume 9, Issue 2 , May and June 2012
Abstract
Introduction: In today's world of knowledge with increasing complexity, the need for exchanging data, information, and knowledge is undeniable. Electronic health record is undoubtedly a key technology in health care which facilitates the recovery and processing of health information from multiple locations ...
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Introduction: In today's world of knowledge with increasing complexity, the need for exchanging data, information, and knowledge is undeniable. Electronic health record is undoubtedly a key technology in health care which facilitates the recovery and processing of health information from multiple locations and provide more efficient and more effective treatment for the patient. Automatic data transfer on the other hand, increases the rate of services, reduces errors, and improves the quality of services. For distribution and exchange of information, development and use of a messaging standard in electronic health records is required.Methods: A descriptive-comparative study was conducted on messaging standards provided by Health Level Seven International (HL7), International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) whose standards in field of electronic health records are more comprehensive and complete than other organizations. Using a checklist, data was collected from articles, books, and magazines and English language websites. The validity of the checklist had been approved by some academic experts in the field of electronic health records. The collected data was analyzed using comparative and qualitative methods.Results: The obtained results showed that several organizations and institutions such in the world, as HL7, ISO, and CEN, have standards related to electronic health records. While HL7 has a messaging standard, CEN developed a standard named EN13606 which was later adopted by ISO. Therefore, EN13606 is currently updated by ISO.Conclusion: Most activities in providing a messaging standard for electronic health records have been done by ISO and HL7. Messaging standards of the two organizations, despite the similarity in some cases, have some unique differences. Comparing these two standards showed that although these two different standards tried to exchange messages, HL7 messaging standard was not successful in creating interoperability and had some inconsistency in its models' classes. ISO13606 standard however, used some features in definition of clinical concepts and could create interoperability.Keywords: Standards; Electronic Health Records; Health Level Seven.
Narjes Mirabootalebi; Maryam Ahmadi; Hosein Mobaraki; Saeid Hoseini; Nooshin Mohebbi
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, , Pages 769-779
Abstract
Introduction: Recording the reasons of death especially its underlying causes are considered to be themost important data in modifying health-care programs of countries. Therefore, a comprehensivecomputer system, related databases is necessary in analyzing and understanding the main processes inhealth-care. ...
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Introduction: Recording the reasons of death especially its underlying causes are considered to be themost important data in modifying health-care programs of countries. Therefore, a comprehensivecomputer system, related databases is necessary in analyzing and understanding the main processes inhealth-care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the electronic death registration system in Iran based onits requirements.Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted in 2011 in 12 medical universities of Iran.The study population consisted of two groups of users and officials of the electronic death registrationsystem in medical sciences universities of our country (n = 50). The data collection Tools of this study is aresearcher-constructed questionnaire based on the Likert scale, and a checklist. The questionnaire wasbased on 3 requirements (user requirements, general requirements, and security requirements). Thechecklist was designed to assess technical requirements. The validity of the questionnaire was approvedby the content validity method (opinions of teachers and scholars of health information management andcomputer sciences). Its reliability was approved using Cronbach’s alpha. Data analysis was conducted bySPSS statistical software version 20 and descriptive statistics.Results: 84.6%, 75.7%, 40.9% of users and experts of medical sciences universities, type 1, respectivelyapproved the existence of user, general, and security requirements. 34.8%, 66.7%, and 22.7% in type 2,and 35.7%, 33.3%, and 20.7% in type 3 universities, respectively, approved the existence of user, general,and security requirements. Moreover, technical requirements are approved by 64.7% of software experts.According to these results, with a mean of 51.7% in user requirements, 58.5% general requirements, and64.7% technical requirements the electronic death registration system is at an acceptable level. However,it is at a weak level in terms of security requirements (28.1%).Conclusion: Weak results of the security requirements show the inefficiency of this system’s software.Therefore, the Ministry of Health and Medical Education should plan to improve the performance of thissoftware in terms of security requirements.
Maryam Ahmadi; Azam Ghaderi; Farid Khorrami; Shahram Zare
Volume 9, Issue 1 , March and April 2012
Abstract
Background and Aims: Given the ever-increasing importance and value of information, providing management with a reliable information system, which can facilitate decision making regarding planning, organization and control, is vitally important. This study aimed to analyze and evaluate information needs ...
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Background and Aims: Given the ever-increasing importance and value of information, providing management with a reliable information system, which can facilitate decision making regarding planning, organization and control, is vitally important. This study aimed to analyze and evaluate information needs at statistics and medical records departments of Iranian medical universities. The findings of this study can be utilized in designing and selecting a comprehensive information management system. Methods: This descriptive applied cross-sectional research was carried out in 2008. The managers of statistics and medical records departments at 39 medical universities in Iran were included. Data was collected by a questionnaire. Since different methods can be used in designing information systems, the principles of BSP (business system planning) and CSF method (critical success factors) methods were considered. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS16. Results: A total number of 137 needs were determined from which 63% were considered as basic by the managers. In addition, 12% of information needs were categorized as the critical success factors of managers. On the other hand, 17% of the identified information needs were not priorities and were thus excluded. Finally, 18% of information needs were obtained through forms, 9% through the database, 33% through both forms and database, and 3% through the website. However, 37% of the needs lacked a definite source. Conclusion: Since 37% of information needs of the managers did not have a particular source, developing an information system in such offices is necessary. Despite the important role of users in designing information systems (identifying 63% of information needs), other scientific methods are also needed to be utilized in designing information systems. Keywords: Management Information System; Needs Assessment; Information.
Farahnaz Sadoughi; Farbod Ebadifard Azar; Ahmadi Ahmadi; Zakieh Piri
Volume 8, Issue 6 , January and February 2012, , Pages 734-753
Abstract
Introduction: Organizational memory (OM) is a tool for implementation of knowledge management. The objective of this study was designing an OM for medical records (MR) departments. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out in 2007. The study population consisted of all employees ...
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Introduction: Organizational memory (OM) is a tool for implementation of knowledge management. The objective of this study was designing an OM for medical records (MR) departments. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out in 2007. The study population consisted of all employees in five teaching hospitals in Tabriz. Process and required knowledge identification was performed through questionnaires and structured interviews with 65 employees. OM models were derived from the available literature and the Internet. Our model was provided according to the assessment and review of models. Then, experts in health information management gave their opinion on the model by Delphi technique. Results: The studied employees believed that their performance could have been better if the required knowledge had been provided (85%). They considered OM as necessary (98%) and indicated mistakes, work slowness, dissatisfaction and confusion of clients as some subsequences of employees transfer. Most models provided for OM (86%) were process-based. Our model was considered as a system in which inputs, processes and outputs were determined. Conclusion: An OM system which relates organizational knowledge to the business processes is a necessity for an MR department. This system can lead to organizational learning and productivity. In this study, a set of items and entities required for a process-based OM system were provided
Maryam Ahmadi,; Forough Rafii,; Fatemeh Hoseini; Mahdi Habibi Koolaee
Volume 8, Issue 6 , January and February 2012, , Pages 852-860
Abstract
Introduction: Health care classifications are essential tools for collecting and processing healthrelated information. They also provide a unified language for interdisciplinary communications. Nursing data is important for extension of knowledge, evaluating the quality and effectiveness of nursing ...
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Introduction: Health care classifications are essential tools for collecting and processing healthrelated information. They also provide a unified language for interdisciplinary communications. Nursing data is important for extension of knowledge, evaluating the quality and effectiveness of nursing care, and supporting human resource planning. Therefore, an integrated system for collecting, storing and retrieving nursing data is essential. The aim of this research was to compare nursing classification systems. Methods: This was a descriptive-comparative study conducted in 2009. We studied all available classification systems in the world. The systems were found through searching the Internet, books and journals. Results were presented in statistical tables. Results: All systems were American systems developed by persons, associations or universities for specific care facilities. Another classification system has been designed by the International Council of Nursing (ICN) for international use by all nursing care facilities. There were no systems for nursing classification in Iran. Conclusion: Nursing data needs to be uniquely coded for being used in computer systems and Iranian Electronic Health Records. Thus, application or development of a nursing classification system in Iran with the purpose of nursing information management seems necessary.
Maryam Ahmadi; Ali Maher; Mohammad Hossein Hayavi Haqiqi; Jahanpour Alipour
Volume 8, Issue 6 , January and February 2012, , Pages 894-899
Abstract
Introduction: The goal of every healthcare risk management program is to reduce the possibility of undesired events for patients. Such programs include identifying undesired events, analyzing their causes, estimating the possibility of outbreak and their results and taking proper actions to prevent ...
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Introduction: The goal of every healthcare risk management program is to reduce the possibility of undesired events for patients. Such programs include identifying undesired events, analyzing their causes, estimating the possibility of outbreak and their results and taking proper actions to prevent their recurrence. The goal of this study was to compare healthcare risk management programs in selected countries and to propose a model for Iran. Methods: This descriptive-comparative study included England, the USA and Australia. National Health Services (NHS), Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health care Organization (JCAHO) and Medical Defenses Association of Victoria (MDAV) were selected as samples (because of functionality scope). Available information through the Internet, email and library references were used to collect data. Data was analyzed by comparative tables and descriptive statistical methods. The final model was prepared based on the performed analyses and after obtaining the viewpoints of related specialists. Results: There were numerous common points between the risk management process and documentation principles while few were observed in informed consent gathering principles. On the other hand, many differences were found among data elements in incident report forms. JCAHO gave more roles to medical record managers. Conclusion: Despite common points in risk management principles, each sample had mainly focused on needs and infrastructures of care delivery in their country.
Maryam Ahmadi; Farahnaz Sadoghi; Mahmmod Gohari; Fatemeh Rangraz Jeddi
Volume 8, Issue 1 , March and April 2011
Abstract
Introduction: Personal health record is an individual–oriented system that is planned for people to access their health information that using other means of support such as knowledge databases to help people to have more active role in their health Considering that physicians and nurses have a ...
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Introduction: Personal health record is an individual–oriented system that is planned for people to access their health information that using other means of support such as knowledge databases to help people to have more active role in their health Considering that physicians and nurses have a basic role in its completing, educating and using of this tools, this study was conducted to evaluate the view point of physicians and nurses in this regard. Methods: In this descriptive – cross-sectional study, 120 and 250 randomly selected physicians and nurses from affiliated hospitals of Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Iran were studied in 2008. Data collected using a reliable (Spearman-Brown, r = 0.82) and valid (face and content) questionnaire in two section; demographic information (age, sex, education and income levels) and objective questions in the form of yes - no and choice question. Obtained data analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive statistics. Results: 93.8% of participants believed on the necessity of personal health record and 88.6% on the existence of a coherent format. The most important use was providing information for health care providers (58.1%) and portable storage was the best form of it (39.2%). The most benefits of personal health record were knowledge of patients about their appointment (85.7%) and the most disadvantage was misunderstand of the information (67.6%). The most cause of lack of providing personal health record was unawareness about its advantages (49.7%). Conclusion: Personal health record from viewpoint of physicians and nurses is necessary and problems and concerns about patient misunderstanding, privacy and security should be eliminated as appropriate.It is recommended that the personal health record provide by the authorities of Ministry of Health and Medical Education with cooperating with private section and insurance organizations. Keywords: Access to Information; Health Records, Personal; Patient–Centered Care; Information System.
Fatemeh Rangraz Jeddi; Maryam Ahmadi; Farahnaz Sadoughi; Mahmoodreza Gohari
Volume 7, Issue 2 , June 2010
Abstract
Introduction: Mortality data are a cornerstone of epidemiological research and health plan. Unfortunately they dose not completed coincident to international standards; so due to important of issue and had not any research for precision and accuracy of death certification data in this region, this study ...
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Introduction: Mortality data are a cornerstone of epidemiological research and health plan. Unfortunately they dose not completed coincident to international standards; so due to important of issue and had not any research for precision and accuracy of death certification data in this region, this study was done in death certification data in inpatient Kashan Shahid Beheshti hospital.Methods: An applied cross-sectional research on death certification data in inpatient Kashan Shahid Beheshti hospital with 4 checklist (face and content validity) included precision and accuracy of general identification data and precision and accuracy of causes of death data was done, after that data were grouped in table and analyzed with descriptive statistics.Results: 301 death certification (60%) and 389 (77.5%) had precision and accuracy in view of general identification and 291 (62.3%) adults and 18 (51.4%) prenatal had precision and 328 (70.3%) adult and 19 (54.3%) prenatal had accuracy. 88 (17.5%) of general identification and 83 (17.8%) adult and 15 (42.9%) prenatal did not have completed, 309 (66.2%) adult and 21 (60%) prenatal had a correct sequence.Conclusion: More education for physicians for produce higher quality data and more emphasis for enough knowledge of illness and study of the medical record carefully, perform autopsy for necessary cases establishment of Medical Legal Department in hospital were recommended.Keywords: Hospital Mortality; Form and Records Control; Hospitals.
Maryam Ahmadi; Maryam Barabadi; Mehran Kamkar Haghigh
Volume 7, Issue 1 , March 2010
Abstract
Introduction: Use of a computerised system improves the effectiveness and efficiency of a medical record department on condition that managers and medical record staff design it according to needs.Methods: The present investigation was an applied-descriptive study. A checklist was provided from professional ...
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Introduction: Use of a computerised system improves the effectiveness and efficiency of a medical record department on condition that managers and medical record staff design it according to needs.Methods: The present investigation was an applied-descriptive study. A checklist was provided from professional texts, articles and internet. This checklist included general requirements of HIS such as general requirements of medical record department, medical records management, admission, discharge, statistics, coding, filing and chart completion. Then Researcher distinguished compatibilities of systems with checklist, with observation and question. Finally data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: Total average of compatibility of hospital information systems with the list of requirements in medical record department were general requirements of HIS (65.4%), general requirements of medical record department (50.3%), medical records management (85.7%), admission (59.6%), discharge (75.8%), statistics (64.1%), coding (32.2%), filing and chart completion (28.7%).Conclusion: It is imperative that venders regard more and more to users needs with support of managers to improve systems. Keywords: Hospital Information System; Medical Records Systems, Computerized; Medical Records Department, Hospital.
Mehrdad Farzandipour; Maryam Ahmady; Farahnaz Sadoughi; Iraj Karimi
Volume 5, Issue 2 , September 2008
Abstract
Introduction: Nowadays, developing electronic health records is one of the priorities in many countries. If a country starts to storage clinical information in computerize systems, necessary predictions must be done for prevention of unauthorized access to information in procedures; thus with regard ...
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Introduction: Nowadays, developing electronic health records is one of the priorities in many countries. If a country starts to storage clinical information in computerize systems, necessary predictions must be done for prevention of unauthorized access to information in procedures; thus with regard to health ministry strategy for electronic health records design, main question was ";What is Suite Confidentiality Rules of Electronic Health Records?"; Methods: This comparative descriptive study was done in 2007. Data gathering instruments were library resources, internet and Journals. Data were analyzed by comparative tables. Results: Confidentiality rules of electronic health records information in two countries, Australia and Canada, is more integrate. Electronic Health Records information gathering, usage and disclose in selected countries is with patient consent. Australia and Canada have limitation for patient access to own Electronic Health Records, and England, base on need to know, authorized patient access to Electronic Health Records. In this regard, Iran doesn't have approved rules. Conclusion: Iran doesn't have Confidentiality Rules about Electronic Health Records. In regard to Iran's Health Ministry approach about making an Electronic Health Records for each Iranian, it become necessary to make approved confidentiality rules for Electronic Health Records with use of experiences of other countries. Keywords: Confidentiality; Medical Records; Electronics; Medical; Medical Records System; Computerizes
Gholamreza Moradi; Maryam Ahmadi; Alireza Zohoor; Farbod Ebadifardazar; Mohammadreza Saberi
Volume 4, Issue 2 , September 2007
Abstract
Abstract Introduction: Nowadays, various tools are used in health informatics; the type of these tools should be related to the patients' and healthcare providers' needs. Hospital websites are suitable systems for data exchange and communication between patient and healthcare providers. This study performed ...
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Abstract Introduction: Nowadays, various tools are used in health informatics; the type of these tools should be related to the patients' and healthcare providers' needs. Hospital websites are suitable systems for data exchange and communication between patient and healthcare providers. This study performed for analysis and evaluation of structure and content of websites of the educational hospitals in Iran. Methods: In a descriptive study, 8 Iranian educational hospital websites were analyzed for structure, content and related links by using 4 researcher made check lists Results: The average score was 12/30 for structural analysis. 5.75/15, 2.6/19, and 2/24 were calculated scores for of, content analysis of homepage, ";about us"; page, and other links, respectively. Conclusion: In general, the structure of Iranian educational hospital websites is at medium level and their content is at very weak level. Keywords: Internet; Hospitals, Educational; Medical Information Storage and Retrieval; Information Systems; Hospital Information Systems; Meta Analysis; Database
Mehrdad Farzandipour; Farahnaz Sadoughi; Maryam Ahmadi; Iraj Karimi
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March 2007
Abstract
Introduction: With increasing production of health information, information technologies have been used for better management and usage of such data. This enormous increase in gathering and storing of information and widespread accessibility also concerns individuals regarding privacy and security of ...
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Introduction: With increasing production of health information, information technologies have been used for better management and usage of such data. This enormous increase in gathering and storing of information and widespread accessibility also concerns individuals regarding privacy and security of information. This research is concerned with this issue due to decisions on establishing individual health electronic files in Iran.Methods: During this descriptive-comparative study, security requirements of electronic health files in Iran, England and Canada were reviewed and compared. Checklist was used for data collection. Data was collected from journal papers, and books accessed through libraries and other credible online sources between 1995-2006.Results: Security requirements regarding health electronic file such as information security systems, safety of communication and operations management, access control were established in those countries except for Iran. There is no safety and security requirements in this regard in Iran.Conclusion: Security and safety of health electronic file is one of the basic requirements, which lacks in Iran. Due to recent interests in establishing health electronic file in Iran by Ministry of Health and Medical Education, it is necessary that such requirements been established by responsible bodies.Keywords: Confidentiality; Electronics, Medical; Electronics; Medical Records; Medical Records System, Computerized
